{
 "name": "Bonded title rules by U.S. state",
 "publisher": "MotorVehicleTitleBonds.com, a Surety One, Inc. platform",
 "license": "CC BY 4.0",
 "lastReviewed": "2026-11-05",
 "url": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/data/title-bond-states.json",
 "fields": {
  "available": "state issues bonded titles",
  "multiplier": "bond amount as a multiple of vehicle value (null when a fixed schedule applies)",
  "minimum": "minimum bond amount",
  "value_threshold": "no bond required at or below this vehicle value",
  "value_cap": "bonded title limited to vehicles valued at or below this",
  "term_years": "years the bond stays in force"
 },
 "states": [
  {
   "state": "Alabama",
   "abbr": "AL",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": true,
   "minimum": 5000,
   "maximum": 100000,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "No vehicle valuation. ALDOR sets fixed uniform bond amounts by vehicle class and model-year age under Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.34; the applicant requests the amount through the ALDOR Surety Bond Portal (MVT 10-1A) and ALDOR issues the pre-filled MVT 10-1 bond form.",
   "term": "3 years from execution of the bond; the title carries the legend THIS TITLE WAS SECURED UNDER THREE-YEAR SURETY BOND. The bond is released after 3 years, or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Alabama and the title is surrendered, unless an action is pending.",
   "statute": "Ala. Code § 32-8-36; Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.34",
   "statute_url": "https://admincode.legislature.state.al.us/api/rule/810-5-75-.34",
   "form": "MVT 10-1A Application for Title Surety Bond (electronic, via the Surety Bond Portal); MVT 10-1 Certificate of Title Surety Bond",
   "form_url": "https://mydmv.revenue.alabama.gov/TAP/?link=SuretyBond",
   "agency": "Alabama Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division",
   "agency_url": "https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/faq-categories/surety-bond/",
   "names": "Certificate of Title Surety Bond; Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/alabama-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-alabama/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Alaska",
   "abbr": "AK",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "A bona fide appraisal of fair market retail value on DMV Form 825 by a licensed dealer, insurance appraiser or bank. The appraiser must physically inspect the vehicle in Alaska, the appraisal can be no older than 90 days, and a KBB, NADA or similar valuation printout must be attached (except for RVs and trailers). The appraiser cannot be the applicant or the seller.",
   "term": "3 years, non-cancelable; released at 3 years or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Alaska and the title is surrendered, extended 45 days past a final decision if an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "Alaska Stat. § 28.10.216; 2 AAC 92.010(b)",
   "statute_url": "https://touchngo.com/lglcntr/akstats/Statutes/Title28/Chapter10/Section216.htm",
   "form": "Form 824 No Proof or Inadequate Proof of Ownership packet (Vehicle Title Surety Bond, 3 Year Non-Cancelable, and Affidavit of Ownership); Form 825 Vehicle Appraisal Form for Surety Bond; Form 811 Vehicle Inspection; Form 870 Manufactured Home Surety Bond",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.alaska.gov/media/hcthmtyh/824.pdf",
   "agency": "Alaska Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.alaska.gov/vehicle-services/no-proof-of-ownership-surety-bond/",
   "names": "Vehicle Title Surety Bond; No Proof of Ownership (Surety Bond)",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/alaska-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-alaska/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Arizona",
   "abbr": "AZ",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "MVD determines the value. Form 40-1001 states the bond equals the vehicle's average value times 1.5, and MVD staff verify the vehicle through AAMVA and NMVTIS and set the bond amount.",
   "term": "3 years; released at 3 years or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Arizona and the title is surrendered, unless an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "A.R.S. § 28-2057",
   "statute_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/28/02057.htm",
   "form": "Form 40-1001 Bonded Title Application (Vehicle); Form 40-1003 Bonded Title Application (Mobile Home)",
   "form_url": "https://azdot.gov/mvd-doc-lib/bonded-title-application-vehicle",
   "agency": "Arizona Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Division",
   "agency_url": "https://azdot.gov/mvd/services/vehicle-services/title-and-registration/bonded-title",
   "names": "Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/arizona-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-arizona/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Arkansas",
   "abbr": "AR",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "Value as determined by the Commissioner. The Office of Motor Vehicle's Bonded Title unit sets the bond amount in its Letter of Approval after reviewing the Statement of Fact application.",
   "term": "3 years, irrevocable; released after 3 years unless an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "Ark. Code Ann. § 27-14-409; Ark. DFA Regulation 1993-3 (Bonded Title Regulation)",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/arkansas/2016/title-27/subtitle-2/chapter-14/subchapter-4/section-27-14-409/",
   "form": "Form 10-345 Issuance of Bonded Title (Statement of Fact), mailed to OMV Bonded Titles, P.O. Box 1272, Little Rock, AR 72203; the bond form is issued by OMV with the Letter of Approval",
   "form_url": "https://dfa.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/IssanceOfBondedTitle.pdf",
   "agency": "Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration, Office of Motor Vehicle",
   "agency_url": "https://dfa.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/IssanceOfBondedTitle.pdf",
   "names": "Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/arkansas-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-arkansas/"
  },
  {
   "state": "California",
   "abbr": "CA",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 5000,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "Fair market value shown by (a) a written appraisal from a licensed dealer, motor vehicle insurance representative or yacht/ship broker, or (b) a REG 256 Statement of Facts using a recognized valuation guide such as Kelley Blue Book, averaging the highest and lowest listed prices.",
   "term": "3 years; released at the end of three years or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in California and the certificate of ownership is surrendered (Veh. Code § 4158).",
   "statute": "Cal. Veh. Code §§ 4157, 4158; 13 CCR § 152.00",
   "statute_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/california/13-CCR-152.00",
   "form": "REG 5057 Motor Vehicle Ownership Surety Bond; REG 256 Statement of Facts; REG 5058 Undocumented Vessel Surety Bond",
   "form_url": "https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/file/motor-vehicle-ownership-surety-bond-reg-5057-pdf",
   "agency": "California Department of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.ca.gov/portal/handbook/vehicle-industry-registration-procedures-manual-2/bonds-and-certifications/motor-vehicle-ownership-surety-bond/",
   "names": "Motor Vehicle Ownership Surety Bond; Vehicle Ownership Bond; Title Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/california-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-california/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Colorado",
   "abbr": "CO",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "An appraisal reflecting current condition from a Colorado-licensed dealer on letterhead (signed, dated, with the dealer license number, and over $350), or a current Kelley Blue Book or NADA value with a DR 2444 Statement of Fact. Where both retail and wholesale appear, the greater applies. Manufactured homes use the county assessor's actual value. The Director fixes the bond amount at not less than twice the reasonable value.",
   "term": "Not fixed by statute or rule; the Title and Registration Manual describes it as a one-time bond. Sureties customarily write the Colorado bond for three years.",
   "statute": "C.R.S. § 42-6-115(3); 1 CCR 204-10 Rule 19 (Bonding for Colorado Certificate of Title)",
   "statute_url": "https://colorado.public.law/statutes/crs_42-6-115",
   "form": "DR 2922 Title or Salvage Title Established by Surety Bond (procedure); DR 2394 Bond Statement Guide; DR 2704 Certified VIN Inspection; DR 2489A Record Search; DR 2444 Statement of Fact",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.colorado.gov/sites/dmv/files/documents/DR_2922.pdf",
   "agency": "Colorado Department of Revenue, Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://sites.google.com/state.co.us/co-title-registration-manual/bonds",
   "names": "Title Established by Surety Bond; Certificate of Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/colorado-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-colorado/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Connecticut",
   "abbr": "CT",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 5,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.",
   "term": "5 years; released at the end of 5 years, or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Connecticut and the title is surrendered, unless an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-176",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/connecticut/2005/title14/sec14-176.html",
   "form": "Form H-113 Surety Bond, Certificate of Title",
   "form_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/dmv/20/29/h113pdf.pdf",
   "agency": "Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/dmv/20/29/h113pdf.pdf",
   "names": "Surety Bond, Certificate of Title (H-113)",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/connecticut-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-connecticut/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Delaware",
   "abbr": "DE",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "21 Del. C. ch. 23 (no bond-in-lieu-of-ownership provision); § 2306; § 2314 (appeal to Superior Court)",
   "statute_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title21/c023/sc01/index.shtml",
   "form": null,
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "Delaware Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.de.gov/VehicleServices/titles/",
   "names": null,
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/delaware-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-delaware/"
  },
  {
   "state": "District of Columbia",
   "abbr": "DC",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "No bonded title provision in D.C. Code Title 50 or DC DMV rules",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/district-of-columbia/2020/title-50/chapter-12/",
   "form": null,
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "District of Columbia Department of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.dc.gov/service/dmv-vehicle-titles",
   "names": null,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/district-of-columbia-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-distrito-de-columbia/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Florida",
   "abbr": "FL",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "Twice the value of the vehicle as determined by the department. Procedure TL-70 uses the Kelley Blue Book private party value for the applicant's residential ZIP code, mileage, options, color and a condition of at least Good, with a screenshot attached; trade-in values, other ZIP codes or lower conditions are rejected.",
   "term": "3 years; the bond expires on the third anniversary of its effective date (§ 319.23(7)(c)) and the bonded title brand is removed 3 years after the title issue date.",
   "statute": "Fla. Stat. § 319.23(7); FLHSMV Procedure TL-70 (Bonded Titles)",
   "statute_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2024/0319.23",
   "form": "HSMV 82033 Title Surety Bond for a Motor Vehicle; HSMV 82026 Affidavit to Accompany Application for Bonded Title; HSMV 82040 Application for Certificate of Title; HSMV 82042 VIN and Odometer Verification",
   "form_url": "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/forms/82033.pdf",
   "agency": "Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, Division of Motorist Services",
   "agency_url": "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/proc/tl/tl-70.pdf",
   "names": "Title Surety Bond; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/florida-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-florida/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Georgia",
   "abbr": "GA",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": 5000,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 4,
   "value_source": "Twice the fair market value established by the Georgia Department of Revenue under O.C.G.A. § 48-5C-1 (the Motor Vehicle Assessment Manual). Where no DOR value exists (commercial vehicles, trailers), twice the taxable value set by the county Board of Tax Assessors on signed letterhead. The county tag office or MVD provides the amount. Never less than $5,000.",
   "term": "4 years from the date of issuance; the bond expires at the end of 4 years unless a breach has been notified. The title must be applied for within 6 months of the bond's issue date.",
   "statute": "O.C.G.A. § 40-3-28; Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. r. 560-10-13-.04",
   "statute_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/georgia/Ga-Comp-R-Regs-R-560-10-13-.04",
   "form": "MV-46 Motor Vehicle Certificate of Title Bond; MV-46A Affidavit Supporting Certificate of Title Bond Application (notarized); T-22B Certification of Inspection; MV-1 Title/Tag Application",
   "form_url": "https://dor.georgia.gov/document/form/mv-46-motor-vehicle-certificate-title-bond/download",
   "agency": "Georgia Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division (apply at the county tag office)",
   "agency_url": "https://dor.georgia.gov/bonded-vehicle-title",
   "names": "Bonded Vehicle Title; Certificate of Title Bond; Motor Vehicle Certificate of Title Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/georgia-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-georgia/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Hawaii",
   "abbr": "HI",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "No bonded title provision in HRS ch. 286; SB 2079 (2026) would create one but is not enacted",
   "statute_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessions/session2026/Bills/SB2079_.HTM",
   "form": null,
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "County Directors of Finance (for example, the City and County of Honolulu Department of Customer Services, Motor Vehicle Registration)",
   "agency_url": "https://www.honolulu.gov/csd/vehicle-title-information/",
   "names": null,
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/hawaii-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-haw-i/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Idaho",
   "abbr": "ID",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "An appraisal of current retail value (not trade or wholesale) by an Idaho-licensed dealer on ITD 3404 Vehicle Appraisal and VIN Inspection, citing the NADA or KBB source, or by an ITD motor vehicle investigator.",
   "term": "3 years; the title is branded Bonded Title with an expiration 3 years from the bond date. Released at 3 years or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Idaho and the title is surrendered, unless a claim is pending. After expiration the owner surrenders the bonded title and pays the title fee for a clean title.",
   "statute": "Idaho Code § 49-523; IDAPA 39.02.05.301",
   "statute_url": "https://codes.findlaw.com/id/title-49-motor-vehicles/id-st-sect-49-523/",
   "form": "ITD 3909 Vehicle Ownership Bond; ITD 3404 Vehicle Appraisal and VIN Inspection; ITD 3410 Indemnifying Affidavit",
   "form_url": "https://itd.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/3909.pdf",
   "agency": "Idaho Transportation Department, Division of Motor Vehicles (apply at the county DMV office)",
   "agency_url": "https://itd.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Bonded-Title-Application-Instr_DMV.pdf",
   "names": "Bonded Title; Vehicle Ownership Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/idaho-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-idaho/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Illinois",
   "abbr": "IL",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "1.5 times the current wholesale value, established by a sworn appraisal from a disinterested licensed dealer (new or used vehicle, motorcycle, mobile home or trailer dealer; a licensed rebuilder for salvage) or by a used-vehicle price guide with the cover and page copies attached (92 Ill. Adm. Code 1010.190).",
   "term": "3 years from filing; released earlier on request if the vehicle is no longer registered in Illinois and the title is surrendered, unless an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "625 ILCS 5/3-109; 92 Ill. Adm. Code § 1010.190",
   "statute_url": "https://lrb.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/documents/062500050K3-109.htm",
   "form": "Secretary of State bond for title (executed with an Illinois-authorized surety) submitted with VSD 190 Application for Vehicle Transaction(s), the sworn appraisal and the Vehicle Use Tax return",
   "form_url": "https://ilga.gov/ftp/JCAR/AdminCode/092/092010100B01900R.html",
   "agency": "Illinois Secretary of State, Vehicle Services Department",
   "agency_url": "https://www.ilsos.gov/departments/vehicles/title_and_registration/home.html",
   "names": "Title Obtained by Bond; Bond for Title",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/illinois-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-illinois/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Indiana",
   "abbr": "IN",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "No bond provision in Ind. Code 9-17-2; remedy is a court order, or the Affidavit of Ownership process for vehicles valued at $5,000 or less",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/indiana/title-9/article-17/chapter-2/",
   "form": "Court Order Title Application Packet (State Form 205); Affidavit of Ownership packet (SF 23037)",
   "form_url": "https://www.in.gov/bmv/titles/files/Court_Order_Packet.pdf",
   "agency": "Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://secure.in.gov/bmv/titles/special-titling-circumstances",
   "names": null,
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/indiana-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-indiana/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Iowa",
   "abbr": "IA",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 1000,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The Iowa DOT Office of Vehicle and Motor Carrier Services determines the current value after reviewing the application and prints the value and bond amount on the bond paper it sends to the applicant.",
   "term": "3 years; released at the end of 3 years, or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Iowa and the title is surrendered, unless an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "Iowa Code § 321.24(11); Iowa Admin. Code 761—400.13(321)",
   "statute_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/rule/02-05-2025.761.400.13.pdf",
   "form": "Application for Registration and Bonded Certificate of Title (online); the bond paper is issued by Iowa DOT after approval and completed with the surety",
   "form_url": "https://iowadot.forms.govos.com/w/ApplicationforBondedTitle",
   "agency": "Iowa Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Division",
   "agency_url": "https://iowadot.gov/mvd/vehicleregistration/Bonded-certificate-of-title",
   "names": "Bonded Certificate of Title; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/iowa-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-iowa/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Kansas",
   "abbr": "KS",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "K.S.A. 8-135 and 8-142 (no bond-in-lieu-of-ownership provision); KDOR Form TR-90 Ownership Affidavit; quiet title action under K.S.A. 60-1002",
   "statute_url": "https://www.ksrevenue.gov/pdf/tr90.pdf",
   "form": "TR-90 Ownership Affidavit for Vehicle, Trailer, Antique or Motor (Rev. 07/24); MVE-1 Motor Vehicle Examination (Kansas Highway Patrol); TR-12 Affidavit to a Fact / Bill of Sale",
   "form_url": "https://www.ksrevenue.gov/pdf/tr90.pdf",
   "agency": "Kansas Department of Revenue, Division of Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://www.ksrevenue.gov/dovforms.html",
   "names": "Ownership Affidavit (TR-90); Quiet title (court order)",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/kansas-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-kansas/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Kentucky",
   "abbr": "KY",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "No bonded title statute in KRS ch. 186A; alternatives are a court order or the KRS 186A.190(6) sheriff-inspection and affidavit route",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/kentucky/2022/chapter-186a/section-186a-190/",
   "form": "TC 96-182 Application for Kentucky Certificate of Title or Registration (with court order)",
   "form_url": "https://transportation.ky.gov/Organizational-Resources/Pages/Forms-Library-%28TC-96%29.aspx",
   "agency": "Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Division of Motor Vehicle Licensing (through the county clerks)",
   "agency_url": "https://drive.ky.gov/Vehicles/Pages/Vehicle-Titling.aspx",
   "names": "Court-ordered title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/kentucky-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-kentucky/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Louisiana",
   "abbr": "LA",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "La. R.S. 32:707 (no bond provision); R.S. 32:707(L) and (M); La. C.C.P. art. 4912 and R.S. 32:735(B) (Justice of the Peace ownership orders)",
   "statute_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/Legis/law.aspx?d=88520",
   "form": "DPSMV 1799 Vehicle Application (with court judgment or affidavit); DPSMV 1824 Justice of the Peace Request for Review Prior to Judgment; Affidavit of Physical Inspection",
   "form_url": "https://public.powerdms.com/LADPSC/documents/691984",
   "agency": "Louisiana Office of Motor Vehicles (OMV)",
   "agency_url": "https://public.powerdms.com/ladpsc/documents/368769",
   "names": "Judgment of ownership; Justice of the Peace court order",
   "confidence": "medium",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/louisiana-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-luisiana/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Maine",
   "abbr": "ME",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by the Secretary of State (Bureau of Motor Vehicles); the statute names no guide, so the BMV fixes the figure.",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Maine and the title is surrendered; not released while an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "29-A M.R.S. § 659",
   "statute_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/29-A/title29-Asec659.html",
   "form": "MVT-18 State of Maine Motor Vehicle Title Surety Bond",
   "form_url": "https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/inline-files/MVT-18%20Title%20Surety%20Bond.pdf",
   "agency": "Maine Secretary of State, Bureau of Motor Vehicles, Title Section",
   "agency_url": "https://www.maine.gov/sos/bmv/",
   "names": "Title Surety Bond; Motor Vehicle Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/maine-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-maine/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Maryland",
   "abbr": "MD",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by the Motor Vehicle Administration, which supplies the figure to the applicant.",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Maryland and the title is surrendered; not released if the MVA has notice of a pending action on the bond.",
   "statute": "Md. Code, Transportation § 13-109(a)",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/maryland/2017/transportation/title-13/subtitle-1/section-13-109/",
   "form": "Surety's Maryland Issuance of Title Bond filed with VR-005 Application for Certificate of Title and VR-197 odometer disclosure",
   "form_url": "https://mva.maryland.gov/Documents/VR-005.pdf",
   "agency": "Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MDOT MVA), Vehicle Services, Glen Burnie",
   "agency_url": "https://mva.maryland.gov/title-registration/title-vehicle/private-party-purchase",
   "names": "Issuance of Title Bond; Certificate of Title Bond",
   "confidence": "medium",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/maryland-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-maryland/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Massachusetts",
   "abbr": "MA",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by the Registrar of Motor Vehicles.",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Massachusetts and the title is surrendered; not released while an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "M.G.L. c. 90D, § 12",
   "statute_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXIV/Chapter90D/Section12",
   "form": "Bond in the form prescribed by the Registrar (surety's Massachusetts Motor Vehicle Certificate of Title Bond); RMV-1 title application; Proof of Visual Inspection (VIN) form; notarized affidavit",
   "form_url": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/proof-of-visual-inspection-vin/download",
   "agency": "Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles (RMV), Title Division",
   "agency_url": "https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-a-certificate-of-title",
   "names": "Certificate of Title Bond",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/massachusetts-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-massachusetts/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Michigan",
   "abbr": "MI",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "Form TR-121 requires a bond equal to twice the value of the subject of the bond; the Secretary of State branch accepts the value (appraisal or price guide). Use tax is 6% of half the bond amount or the purchase price, whichever is higher.",
   "term": "3 years from issuance; ends sooner if the item is no longer titled or registered in Michigan and the title or registration is surrendered; remains in effect if the Secretary of State has notice of a pending action.",
   "statute": "MCL 257.217(1)(d); MCL 324.80307 (watercraft); MCL 324.82105 (snowmobiles)",
   "statute_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/documents/tr-121_19890_7.pdf",
   "form": "TR-121 Vehicle Uniform Surety Bond; TR-205 Self-Certification of Vehicle Ownership (required with every bond); TR-54 Vehicle Number and On-Road Equipment Inspection (if no Michigan record)",
   "form_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/documents/tr-121_19890_7.pdf",
   "agency": "Michigan Department of State (Secretary of State), branch offices",
   "agency_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/sos",
   "names": "Vehicle Uniform Surety Bond; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/michigan-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-m-chigan/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Minnesota",
   "abbr": "MN",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by Driver and Vehicle Services (DVS), which tells the applicant the amount after reviewing the application.",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Minnesota and the title is surrendered; release requires no pending action and ownership resolved to DVS's satisfaction. The BONDED brand is removed after 3 years with no claims.",
   "statute": "Minn. Stat. § 168A.07, subds. 1, 1a and 1b",
   "statute_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=168A.07",
   "form": "PS2000 Application to Title and Register a Motor Vehicle; PS2002 Statement of Facts; PS2026 Due Diligence Affidavit; surety bond in the DVS-prescribed form (cash deposit alternative)",
   "form_url": "https://assets.dps.mn.gov/files/dvs/mv-ps2026-due-diligence-affidavit.pdf",
   "agency": "Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Driver and Vehicle Services",
   "agency_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/dvs/vehicle/vehicle-titles/no-proof-ownership-vehicle-title-application",
   "names": "Bonded Certificate of Title; BONDED brand",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/minnesota-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-minnesota/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Mississippi",
   "abbr": "MS",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value as determined by the Department of Revenue.",
   "term": "3 years from the effective date; no liability accrues after 3 years; released unless the DOR is notified of a pending action, an ownership claim or an undisclosed lien.",
   "statute": "Miss. Code Ann. § 63-21-23",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/mississippi/2019/title-63/chapter-21/article-1/section-63-21-23/",
   "form": "Form 78-016 Certificate of Title Bond, Mississippi DOR Motor Vehicle Services",
   "form_url": "https://www.dor.ms.gov/sites/default/files/Tags%20%26%20Titles/78016178%20Certificate%20of%20Bond.pdf",
   "agency": "Mississippi Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Services (Title Bureau), Jackson",
   "agency_url": "https://www.dor.ms.gov/",
   "names": "Certificate of Title Bond; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/mississippi-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-misisipi/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Missouri",
   "abbr": "MO",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": 100,
   "maximum": 6000,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": 3000,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "Kelley Blue Book, the NADA Used Car Guide, or two appraisals from a licensed motor vehicle dealer (statute).",
   "term": "3 years; released unless the DOR has been notified of a pending action on the bond.",
   "statute": "RSMo § 301.192 (as amended by S.B. 262, 2021)",
   "statute_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/PageSelect.aspx?section=301.192",
   "form": "Form 108 Application for Missouri Title and License; Form 551 Vehicle Examination Certificate (Missouri State Highway Patrol); surety bond; affidavit of acquisition; notarized lien releases",
   "form_url": "https://dor.mo.gov/forms/551.pdf",
   "agency": "Missouri Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Bureau",
   "agency_url": "https://dor.mo.gov/motor-vehicle/titling-registration/",
   "names": "Bonded Vehicle; BONDED VEHICLE title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/missouri-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-misuri/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Montana",
   "abbr": "MT",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 1000,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The applicant determines the value from the national appraisal guide (NADA) as of January 1 of the application year, with a copy of the guide page attached; if there is no guide listing, the applicant's own knowledge and belief on the MV100 Statement of Fact, reviewed by the Vehicle Services Bureau.",
   "term": "3 years from issuance of the certificate of title, or earlier when the valid title is surrendered because the vehicle no longer requires a Montana title; not released if a recovery action is pending.",
   "statute": "Mont. Code Ann. § 61-3-208",
   "statute_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/2013/mca/61/3/61-3-208.htm",
   "form": "MV10 Break/Bond Title Application; MV20 Stage 1 Vehicle Identification Number Inspection; MV100 Statement of Fact",
   "form_url": "https://mvdmt.gov/vehicle-title-information/",
   "agency": "Montana Department of Justice, Motor Vehicle Division, Vehicle Services Bureau (through the county treasurers)",
   "agency_url": "https://mvdmt.gov/vehicle-title-information/",
   "names": "Bonded Title; BONDED TITLE; Break/Bond Title Application",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/montana-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-montana/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Nebraska",
   "abbr": "NE",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value as determined by the Nebraska DMV using reasonable appraisal methods.",
   "term": "3 years from the bond date; the holder may apply for release after 3 years if no claim has been made; the DMV may release earlier if the current title is surrendered.",
   "statute": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 60-167; § 60-146; 248 Neb. Admin. Code ch. 4 § 007",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/nebraska/chapter-60/statute-60-167/",
   "form": "Application for Bonded Certificate of Title for a Vehicle; Certificate of Title Surety Bond (Vehicle); Bond Release form",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.nebraska.gov/sites/dmv.nebraska.gov/files/doc/dvr/forms/mvbond.pdf",
   "agency": "Nebraska Department of Motor Vehicles, Driver and Vehicle Records Division, Lincoln",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.nebraska.gov/",
   "names": "Bonded Certificate of Title; Certificate of Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/nebraska-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nebraska/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Nevada",
   "abbr": "NV",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value as determined by the DMV. Title Research runs the history search and sets the exact bond amount: 150% of MSRP for a standard vehicle and 25% of MSRP for a salvage vehicle. Do not buy a bond before the DMV states the amount.",
   "term": "3 years from filing, even if the vehicle is sold; released unless the DMV has notice of a pending action; the Bonded brand is removed after 3 years with no claims.",
   "statute": "NRS 482.2605; NRS 487.820",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/nevada/2022/chapter-482/statute-482-2605",
   "form": "VP 271 Affidavit for Bonded Vehicle Title; VP 272 Vehicle Bond Affidavit",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.nv.gov/pdfforms/vp272.pdf",
   "agency": "Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles, Title Research Section, Carson City",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.nv.gov/regbonded.htm",
   "names": "Bonded Vehicle Title; Vehicle Bond Affidavit",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/nevada-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nevada/"
  },
  {
   "state": "New Hampshire",
   "abbr": "NH",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The current NADA retail value as published by the National Automobile Dealers Association (Saf-C 1924.01).",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in New Hampshire and the title is surrendered; not released while an action on the bond is pending.",
   "statute": "RSA 261:10; N.H. Code Admin. R. Saf-C 1924.01",
   "statute_url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XXI/261/261-10.htm",
   "form": "TDMV 23 Application for Certificate of Title (prepared by the town or city clerk or a dealer); TDMV 19A Verification of Vehicle Identification; written statement explaining why the bond is posted; surety bond meeting the contents listed in the rule",
   "form_url": "https://regulations.justia.com/states/new-hampshire/saf/subtitle-saf-c/chapter-saf-c-1900/part-saf-c-1924/section-saf-c-1924-01",
   "agency": "New Hampshire Department of Safety, Division of Motor Vehicles, Title Bureau",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.nh.gov/vehicles-boats-or-titles/apply-title/title-frequently-asked-questions",
   "names": "Title Surety Bond; Bond Requirement (RSA 261:10)",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/new-hampshire-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nuevo-hampshire/"
  },
  {
   "state": "New Jersey",
   "abbr": "NJ",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "N.J.S.A. 39:10-11 (no bond provision); MVC Improper Evidence of Ownership Procedure (OS/SS-142)",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-39/section-39-10-11/",
   "form": "OS/SS-142 Improper Evidence of Ownership packet; DO-22 Title/Lien Search Request; OS/SS-145 Notice of Intent; OS/SS-150 Buyer's Declaration; OS/SS-UTA Universal Title Application",
   "form_url": "https://www.nj.gov/mvc/pdf/vehicles/improper_packet.pdf",
   "agency": "New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission, Special Titles, Trenton",
   "agency_url": "https://www.nj.gov/mvc/vehicles/improper.htm",
   "names": "Improper Evidence of Ownership Procedure",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/new-jersey-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nueva-jersey/"
  },
  {
   "state": "New Mexico",
   "abbr": "NM",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The statute does not specify; MVD practice uses the NADA average or retail value, with separate MVD valuation guidance for motorcycles, mobile homes and specialty vehicles.",
   "term": "3 years from the effective date.",
   "statute": "NMSA 1978, § 66-3-24(C)",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-mexico/2018/chapter-66/article-3/section-66-3-24/",
   "form": "MVD title bond (Defective Title Bond; commonly cited as MVD-10009); MVD-10861 Affidavit of VIN; title application",
   "form_url": "https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-10-bonds-and-liens/",
   "agency": "New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department, Motor Vehicle Division",
   "agency_url": "https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-10-bonds-and-liens/",
   "names": "Defective Title Bond; Bond in Lieu of Evidence of Ownership; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "medium",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/new-mexico-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nuevo-m-xico/"
  },
  {
   "state": "New York",
   "abbr": "NY",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value of the vehicle as determined by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles (DMV Title Services Bureau).",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the current title is surrendered to the Commissioner; not released if an action on the bond is pending or the title was surrendered to another state.",
   "statute": "N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 2105(d)",
   "statute_url": "https://newyork.public.law/laws/n.y._vehicle_&_traffic_law_section_2105",
   "form": "MV-994 Bond Under Section 2105(d) of the NYS Vehicle and Traffic Law (completed by the insurance company, signed by the attorney-in-fact and the owner); MV-82TON Application for Title Only; MV-51 Affidavit of Sale",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.ny.gov/forms/mv994.pdf",
   "agency": "New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Title Services Bureau, Albany",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.ny.gov/titles/apply-title-certificate-only",
   "names": "Bond under VTL 2105(d); Bonded Vehicle",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/new-york-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-nueva-york/"
  },
  {
   "state": "North Carolina",
   "abbr": "NC",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": 100,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The NCDMV Value Schedule (available at license plate agencies or from NCDMV); for mobile homes and vehicles not in the Value Schedule, 1.5 times the higher of two appraisals from different North Carolina dealers on letterhead.",
   "term": "3 years on file with NCDMV; effective when the new title issues and in force until surrendered by the State under G.S. 20-76.",
   "statute": "N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-76",
   "statute_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_20/GS_20-76.html",
   "form": "MVR-92A Requirements for Obtaining Title by Filing an Indemnity Bond; MVR-92D Indemnity Bond; MVR-92H Affidavit of Facts to Accompany Indemnity Bond (notarized); MVR-1 Title Application (notarized); LT-270 Inspector's Report",
   "form_url": "https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/downloads/Documents/MVR-92A.pdf",
   "agency": "North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles (NCDMV), Vehicle Titles and License and Theft Bureau",
   "agency_url": "https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/title-registration/special-cases/Pages/bonded-vehicles.aspx",
   "names": "Indemnity Bond; Bonded Vehicle; Title by Filing an Indemnity Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/north-carolina-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-carolina-del-norte/"
  },
  {
   "state": "North Dakota",
   "abbr": "ND",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "N.D.C.C. § 39-05-20(1); N.D. Admin. Code § 37-12-04-01 (untitled vehicles); no bond provision",
   "statute_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/api/acdata/pdf/37-12-04.pdf",
   "form": "SFN 2903 Vehicle Statement of Ownership (notarized); SFN 2888 Seller's Certificate and Bill of Sale; SFN 61999 Certificate of VIN Inspection; SFN 2872 Application for Certificate of Title and Registration",
   "form_url": "https://dot.nd.gov/sites/www/files/documents/Motor%20Vehicle%20Services/Untitled-Vehicle-Instructions.pdf",
   "agency": "North Dakota Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Division, Bismarck",
   "agency_url": "https://dot.nd.gov/sites/www/files/documents/Motor%20Vehicle%20Services/Untitled-Vehicle-Instructions.pdf",
   "names": "Untitled Vehicle Process; Vehicle Statement of Ownership",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/north-dakota-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-dakota-del-norte/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Ohio",
   "abbr": "OH",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "Ohio Rev. Code § 4505.10(A) (court-ordered title); no bonded title provision in R.C. Chapter 4505",
   "statute_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-4505.10",
   "form": "County Clerk of Courts court-ordered title packets",
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles and County Clerk of Courts Title Offices",
   "agency_url": "https://bmv.ohio.gov/titles-out-state.aspx",
   "names": "Court-ordered title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/ohio-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-ohio/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Oklahoma",
   "abbr": "OK",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "47 O.S. § 1105(V) (ownership affidavit); OAC 670:20-39-6; 42 O.S. § 91 et seq. (Title 42 possessory lien)",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/oklahoma/title-47/section-47-1105v2",
   "form": "Service Oklahoma ownership affidavit (issued on pre-approval)",
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "Service Oklahoma, Motor Vehicle Division",
   "agency_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/service/all-services/auto-vehicle/vehicle-titles.html",
   "names": "Ownership affidavit; Title 42; court-ordered title",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/oklahoma-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-oklahoma/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Oregon",
   "abbr": "OR",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "ORS 803.205 (proof of ownership; verified affidavit); no bond provision in ORS ch. 803",
   "statute_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors803.html",
   "form": "DMV Form 735-550 Certification of Ownership Facts",
   "form_url": null,
   "agency": "Oregon DMV (ODOT Driver and Motor Vehicle Services)",
   "agency_url": "https://www.oregon.gov/odot/dmv/docs/chapter_f.pdf",
   "names": "Certification of Ownership Facts",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/oregon-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-oreg-n/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Pennsylvania",
   "abbr": "PA",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "75 Pa.C.S. §§ 1104-1105 (no bond-in-lieu-of-title provision); 75 Pa.C.S. Ch. 73 (abandoned vehicles)",
   "statute_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/li/consCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&ttl=75",
   "form": "MV-1 with a certified court order",
   "form_url": "https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/penndot/documents/public/dvspubsforms/bmv/bmv-fact-sheets/fs-davp.pdf",
   "agency": "PennDOT Bureau of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/vehicle-services/title-and-registration",
   "names": "Court-ordered title",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/pennsylvania-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-pensilvania/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Rhode Island",
   "abbr": "RI",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value as determined by the Division of Motor Vehicles.",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Rhode Island and the current title is surrendered; retained if a recovery action is pending.",
   "statute": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-3.1-9",
   "statute_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE31/31-3.1/31-3.1-9.htm",
   "form": "Title bond in the form prescribed by the Division, filed with the Application for Title (TR-2)",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.ri.gov/forms/title-forms",
   "agency": "Rhode Island Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.ri.gov/forms/title-forms",
   "names": "Title Bond; Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "medium",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/rhode-island-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-rhode-island/"
  },
  {
   "state": "South Carolina",
   "abbr": "SC",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "S.C. Code Title 56, Ch. 19 contains no bond-in-lieu-of-ownership provision",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/south-carolina/title-56/chapter-19/section-56-19-400/",
   "form": "SCDMV Form TI-021A Affidavit of Ownership for a Motor Vehicle or Mobile Home; TI-021B inspection; Form 400",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.sc.gov/sites/scdmv/files/2026-08/TI-021A%20Affidavit%20of%20Ownership%20for%20a%20Motor%20Vehicle%20or%20Mobile%20Home.pdf",
   "agency": "South Carolina Department of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.sc.gov/vehicle-owners/titles",
   "names": "Affidavit of Ownership",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/south-carolina-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-carolina-del-sur/"
  },
  {
   "state": "South Dakota",
   "abbr": "SD",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The Motor Vehicle Division determines the current value from the submitted information and photos (it may require an MVD agent inspection) and issues a Vehicle Valuation for Surety Bond form.",
   "term": "3 years from title issuance (released on application if no claim; earlier if the valid title is surrendered); the request lapses if the title is not completed within 24 months.",
   "statute": "SDCL § 32-3-64.1",
   "statute_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/32-3-64.1",
   "form": "Bonded Title Request Form 1203; Bonded Title Release Form 1205; Application for Motor Vehicle and Boat Title and Registration Form 1001; MVD Vehicle Valuation for Surety Bond",
   "form_url": "https://sddor.seamlessdocs.com/f/1203",
   "agency": "South Dakota Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division (through the county treasurers)",
   "agency_url": "https://dor.sd.gov/individuals/motor-vehicle/all-vehicles-title-fees-registration/#bonded",
   "names": "Bonded Title",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/south-dakota-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-dakota-del-sur/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Tennessee",
   "abbr": "TN",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 3000,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The applicant establishes fair market value with a bill of sale, a licensed dealer's written appraisal, or online guides (KBB, NADA/J.D. Power), subject to Department review.",
   "term": "3 years on file; released at 3 years or earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Tennessee and the title is surrendered; not released if an action is pending.",
   "statute": "Tenn. Code Ann. § 55-3-103(b); Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. ch. 1320-08-09",
   "statute_url": "https://law.justia.com/codes/tennessee/2010/title-55/chapter-3/part-1/55-3-103",
   "form": "RV-F1313201 Surety Bond Application; Tennessee Corporate Surety Bond form (Department-prescribed); Certification of Ownership (for exempt vehicles); county clerk Multi-purpose Application",
   "form_url": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/revenue/documents/forms/titlereg/f1313201Fill-in.pdf",
   "agency": "Tennessee Department of Revenue, Vehicle Services Division, Special Investigations (Suretybond.title@tn.gov)",
   "agency_url": "https://revenue.support.tn.gov/hc/en-us/articles/360060121912-VT-12-The-Surety-Bond-Process",
   "names": "Surety Bond Title; Certificate of Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/tennessee-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-tennessee/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Texas",
   "abbr": "TX",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "TxDMV uses the Standard Presumptive Value first; if none, a national reference guide; if neither, an appraisal on Form VTR-125 by a Texas-licensed dealer or insurance adjuster dated within 30 days. Vehicles 25 or more years old may use an appraisal; if appraised under $4,000 the bond is computed on $4,000. Trailers may use fixed values of $4,000 (under 20 ft) or $7,000 (20 ft and over).",
   "term": "3 years from the bond's effective date; the bond must be filed with the county within 30 days of issuance and the Notice of Determination is valid for 1 year.",
   "statute": "Tex. Transp. Code § 501.053; 43 Tex. Admin. Code § 217.9",
   "statute_url": "https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/TN/htm/TN.501.htm#501.053",
   "form": "VTR-130-SOF Bonded Title Application or Tax Collector Hearing Statement of Fact; VTR-130-SB Bonded Title Surety Bond; VTR-130-ND Notice of Determination; VTR-125 Motor Vehicle Appraisal; VTR-68-A Law Enforcement VIN Inspection; Form 130-U",
   "form_url": "https://www.txdmv.gov/sites/default/files/form_files/VTR-130-SOF.pdf",
   "agency": "Texas Department of Motor Vehicles (Regional Service Centers) and County Tax Assessor-Collectors",
   "agency_url": "https://www.txdmv.gov/motorists/buying-or-selling-a-vehicle/get-a-copy-of-your-title",
   "names": "Bonded Title; Bonded Title Surety Bond; Certificate of Title Surety Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/texas-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-texas/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Utah",
   "abbr": "UT",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 3000,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 7,
   "value_source": "The Utah DMV (Tax Commission) determines fair market value from photographs, repair orders and the ownership statement; the applicant must prove a value under $3,000 to avoid the bond.",
   "term": "The TC-824 bond form runs 7 years from the date of execution.",
   "statute": "Utah Admin. Code R873-22M-2(10); Utah Code Title 41, Ch. 1a",
   "statute_url": "https://adminrules.utah.gov/public/rule/R873-22M/Current%20Rules",
   "form": "TC-824 Insufficient Evidence of Ownership (Defective Title) Surety Bond; TC-569A Ownership Statement; TC-656 Application for Utah Title; TC-661 Certificate of Inspection",
   "form_url": "https://files.tax.utah.gov/tax/forms/current/tc-824.pdf",
   "agency": "Utah State Tax Commission, Division of Motor Vehicles (Vehicle Compliance Services)",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.utah.gov/titles-overview/transfer-without-title",
   "names": "Insufficient Evidence of Ownership Bond; Defective Title Bond",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/utah-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-utah/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Vermont",
   "abbr": "VT",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The J.D. Power (NADA) average trade-in value as determined by the Commissioner (DMV Vehicle Tax Estimator).",
   "term": "3 years; released earlier if the vehicle is no longer registered in Vermont and the title is surrendered; held if an action is pending; the title converts to a clean title after 3 years.",
   "statute": "23 V.S.A. § 2020; 23 V.S.A. § 3813 (snowmobiles)",
   "statute_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/23/021/02020",
   "form": "VT-020 Title Bond; VD-119 Registration, Tax and Title Application; VT-010 Verification of VIN/HIN",
   "form_url": "https://dmv.vermont.gov/sites/dmv/files/documents/VT-020-Title_Bond.pdf",
   "agency": "Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://dmv.vermont.gov/tax-title/vehicle-title/bonded-title",
   "names": "Bonded Title; Title Bond (VT-020)",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/vermont-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-vermont/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Virginia",
   "abbr": "VA",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "Va. Code §§ 46.2-632 and 46.2-621.1; no bond-in-lieu-of-ownership provision in Title 46.2, Ch. 6, Art. 2",
   "statute_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title46.2/chapter6/article2/",
   "form": "VSA 12 Application in Lieu of Title Certificate (notarized, with owner indemnification of DMV), with VSA 17A",
   "form_url": "https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/sites/default/files/vsa12.pdf",
   "agency": "Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (Titling Work Center)",
   "agency_url": "https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/vehicles/title",
   "names": "Application in Lieu of Title Certificate",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/virginia-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-virginia/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Washington",
   "abbr": "WA",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The value as determined by the Department of Licensing using its automated valuing system, a published appraisal guide, a licensed dealer or appraisal company appraisal on letterhead, the insured amount, the purchase price plus documented repairs, or another DOL-approved source.",
   "term": "3 years (the ownership-in-doubt period); released after 3 years, or if the vehicle is no longer registered in Washington and the title is surrendered, unless an action is pending. The bond must be submitted within 6 months of issue, and a clean title reissues after 3 years.",
   "statute": "RCW 46.12.680; WAC 308-56A-210",
   "statute_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=46.12.680",
   "form": "TD-420-054 Vehicle Ownership Bond; Bonded Title / Three-Year Registration Without Title Affidavit; application for certificate of title",
   "form_url": "https://dol.wa.gov/forms/view/420054",
   "agency": "Washington State Department of Licensing (through county auditors and vehicle licensing offices)",
   "agency_url": "https://dol.wa.gov/media/2397",
   "names": "Ownership in Doubt; Bonded Title; Vehicle Ownership Bond",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/washington-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-washington/"
  },
  {
   "state": "West Virginia",
   "abbr": "WV",
   "available": false,
   "multiplier": null,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": null,
   "value_source": null,
   "term": null,
   "statute": "W. Va. Code § 17A-3-12 (title issues when the commissioner is satisfied as to ownership); no bond-in-lieu-of-ownership provision located",
   "statute_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/17A-3-12/",
   "form": "DMV-1-TR Application for Certificate of Title",
   "form_url": "https://transportation.wv.gov/DMV",
   "agency": "West Virginia Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://transportation.wv.gov/DMV",
   "names": null,
   "confidence": "low",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/west-virginia-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-virginia-occidental/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Wisconsin",
   "abbr": "WI",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 1.5,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": 2500,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": null,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 5,
   "value_source": "WisDOT sets the bond amount after reviewing the application and researching records, using price guides; the applicant may substitute an independent impartial appraisal.",
   "term": "5 years from the title issue date (BOND POSTED brand), or earlier if the prior title or a complete chain of ownership is surrendered; the surety may not change the terms during the period and the bond must stay in force if the vehicle is sold.",
   "statute": "Wis. Stat. § 342.12(3)(b)",
   "statute_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/342/I/12",
   "form": "MV2082 Application for a Bonded Certificate of Title to a Vehicle; MV1 Wisconsin Title and License Plate Application; MV2896 Vehicle/Driver Record Information Request",
   "form_url": "https://wisconsindot.gov/Pages/dmv/vehicles/title-plates/surety-bond.aspx",
   "agency": "Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Division of Motor Vehicles",
   "agency_url": "https://wisconsindot.gov/Pages/dmv/vehicles/title-plates/surety-bond.aspx",
   "names": "Surety Bonded Title; Bonded Certificate of Title; BOND POSTED brand",
   "confidence": "high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/wisconsin-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-wisconsin/"
  },
  {
   "state": "Wyoming",
   "abbr": "WY",
   "available": true,
   "multiplier": 2.0,
   "schedule": null,
   "minimum": null,
   "maximum": null,
   "value_threshold": 2500,
   "value_cap": null,
   "term_years": 3,
   "value_source": "The applicant documents retail value with a current national appraisal guide (KBB, NADA), a current or past registration showing value, or a written statement certified by a licensed Wyoming dealer, reviewed by the county clerk.",
   "term": "The bond stays in force until released; sureties customarily write the Wyoming bond for three years.",
   "statute": "Wyo. Stat. § 31-2-105",
   "statute_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title31.pdf",
   "form": "MV-147 Affidavit of Vehicle Ownership; Bond for Certificate of Title; MV-220 Title Search; MV-300A VIN/HIN Inspection",
   "form_url": "https://www.washakiecountywy.gov/DocumentCenter/View/440/Bonded-Title-Information-and-Form-PDF",
   "agency": "Wyoming County Clerks (title issuers) and WYDOT Motor Vehicle Services",
   "agency_url": "https://www.washakiecountywy.gov/DocumentCenter/View/440/Bonded-Title-Information-and-Form-PDF",
   "names": "Bonded Title; Bond for Certificate of Title",
   "confidence": "medium-high",
   "page": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/wyoming-title-bond/",
   "page_es": "https://motorvehicletitlebonds.com/es/fianza-de-titulo-wyoming/"
  }
 ]
}